遥感技术的线状地物宽度估算方法     

付利钊  闻洪峰 《测绘与空间地理信息》2020,(1):109-110,114

以华北某省的小麦产区为例,通过像元数来确定主要线状地物的解译标准,将地物按照像元数解译成面状和线状,同时建立线状解译的置信区间,实现不同情况下线状地物的面积统计。  相似文献   

不同浸没长度下串列双立管涡激振动数值模拟     

武磊  赵伟文  万德成 《海洋工程》2020,38(3):52-61

深海柔性立管涡激振动问题广受关注,其中多立管涡激振动较传统单立管涡激振动更为复杂。使用基于Open FOAM自主开发的深海柔性立管流固耦合求解器viv-FOAM-SJTU,对阶梯流中串列双立管涡激振动展开研究。首先针对阶梯流中串列双立管模型试验工况开展验证计算,下游立管的位移响应以及频率响应与试验结果基本吻合;而后改变立管浸没长度,分别选取浸没长度为0.4L(工况1)、0.55L(工况2)以及0.7L(工况3)的三种工况进行数值计算,其中L为立管长度。数值结果表明:3种浸没长度下,上下游立管的横流向振动均为一阶模态,且工况2和工况3中上下游立管的横流向位移均方根均大于工况1;上下游立管的顺流向主振模态在工况2和工况3中均为二阶,而在工况1中为一阶,且下游立管在工况2和工况3中的顺流向振动均表现出明显的多模态振动特性。  相似文献   

水准测量技术在宁波市轨道交通3号线工程中的应用分析     

徐巍 《北京测绘》2020,(1):126-130

交通轨道施工环境复杂,周围高层建筑物林立,威胁着建设工程安全施工。因此,加强大型建设项目施工过程中的形变监测有助于施工项目安全开展。本文以水准测量技术为监测手段,对宁波市轨道交通3号线工程进行了形变监测,文章从3个方面进行形变分析。监测结果表明,深层土体位移最大为131.37 mm,支护桩顶部水平位移最大为2 mm,支护桩顶部沉降位移最大为2.1 mm,地表沉降最大为201.4 mm,项目施工开始至结束,未出现报警值情况,说明建设工程整体设计合理,认为该建设工程项目对临近建筑物影响不大,可以安全施工。  相似文献   

基于GIS技术的永久基本农田划定方法研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

齐俊  梁勇  崔传宝  蔡永宁  王长鹏  吴凯 《山东国土资源》2019,35(8)

为了探讨永久基本农田划定的有效方式,该文以济南市长清区为例,综合考虑耕地划入永久基本农田的因素,选择了质量等别、连片度、耕地坡度、耕地交通便利性和耕地居民点辐射度5个评价指标因子,运用GIS技术获取评价指标因子得分,根据特尔菲法确定评价指标权重,采用多因素加权分析法对耕地划入永久基本农田进行综合评价,运用GIS空间分析功能输出永久基本农田分布图,并实现了划定永久基本农田。该文研究成果可为县(区)级永久基本农田划定提供借鉴方法和科学依据。  相似文献   

遥感技术在泰山区域矿山环境治理修复工程的监测应用          下载免费PDF全文

薛卫宁 《山东国土资源》2019,35(10)

区域矿山环境治理修复是国土空间修复的主要形式和内容,是生态文明建设的重要组成部分。遥感技术是获取生态修复治理信息和效果的主要途径之一。该文以泰山区域矿山环境治理修复工程为研究区域,提出一种利用遥感技术方法为主,结合往年资料提取矿山地质环境变化信息,对修复过程进行监测,对修复效果进行分析的方法。  相似文献   

庆云县地热回灌存在问题浅析          下载免费PDF全文

朱利民  宋伟华  白通  战静华  张航星 《山东国土资源》2019,35(11)

如何实现地热资源合理开发、高效利用,实现地热资源采灌均衡可持续开发利用模式已成为地热资源开发利用地区重点研究内容。该文根据庆云县某典型小区(以下简称小区A)一个采暖季的开采、回灌监测数据,总结了水温、开采量、回灌量、水位及回灌率变化情况。通过数据分析及调查可知,庆云县回灌工程普遍存在地热尾水温度偏高、热利用效率偏低、地热尾水直接回灌引起管道腐蚀影响供暖效果等问题。针对地板辐射和暖气片采暖两种模式提出了换热技术和增加热泵机组的改进措施建议,既可提高热利用效率,又可保证供暖效果避免设备腐蚀,对庆云县地热供暖工程的升级改造具有一定的指导意义。  相似文献   

Professional Technologies in Schools: The Role of Pedagogical Knowledge in Teaching With Geospatial Technologies     

Mary D. Curtis 《The Journal of geography》2019,118(3):130-142

Preparing learners for the future requires twenty-first-century teaching that integrates professional tools in the classroom. Geospatial technologies (GST), which represent geographical professional technologies, lack robust integration in high school geography. Researchers continue to ask why educators teach about rather than with GST. Understanding teacher decisions is paramount. This mixed methods study examined commonalities among teachers who use GST using Mishra and Koehler’s (2006 Mishra, P., and M. J. Koehler. 2006. Technological pedagogical content knowledge: A framework for teacher knowledge. Teachers College Record 108 (6):1017–54.[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]) Technological, Pedagogical, Content Knowledge (TPCK) framework as a theoretical lens. This investigation examined whether geography teachers who exhibit stronger geospatial TPCK used GST more frequently than other teachers who exhibited a less developed knowledge base.  相似文献   

A National Key R&D Program: Technologies and Guidelines for Monitoring Ecological Quality of Terrestrial Ecosystems in China     

WANG Shaoqiang  WANG Junbang  ZHANG Leiming  XIAO Zhishu  WANG Feng  SUN Nan  LI Daiqing  CHEN Bin  CHEN Jinghua  LI Yue  WANG Xiaobo  WANG Miaomiao 《资源与生态学报(英文版)》2019,10(2):105-111

Ecological quality is defined as the stability, adaptability and resilience of an ecosystem. Monitoring and assessing ecological quality are important bases for China's ecological civilization construction. The national key research and development program “Technologies and guidelines for monitoring ecological quality of terrestrial ecosystems in China”, launched in July 2017, includes plans to study the observation technologies and provide guidelines on the ecological in-situ observation, the regional biodiversity and ecosystem function monitoring and its applications, all of which contribute to national ecological quality assessment. A year after its implementation, some important progress has been achieved, such as building the indicator system for comprehensive monitoring of ecological quality and improvement of the methods, mass data transmission, infrared camera-based monitoring of biodiversity, multi-angle automatic spectral observation systems, and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) based desert monitoring. We have organized this special issue and attempted to introduce the monitoring techniques and assessment methods on ecological quality from different perspectives in order to further promote the development of ecology and its observation methods.  相似文献   

Response of soil erosion and sediment sorting to the transport mechanism on a steep rocky slope     

Zhen Han  Xiaoyan Wang  Dandan Song  Xinxin Li  Ping Huang  Maohua Ma 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2019,44(12):2467-2478

A deeper understanding of the sediment characteristics associated with rock fragment content can improve our knowledge of the erosional processes and transport mechanisms of sediments on steep rocky slopes. This research used simulated rainfall experiments lasting for 1 h at a rate of 90 mm h⁻¹ and employed 5 × 1 × 0.4 m parallel troughs filled with purple soils with different rock fragment volumetric contents (0, 5, 10, 20, 30 and 40%) on a 15° slope gradient. For each simulated event, runoff and sediment were sampled at 1- and 3-min intervals, respectively, to study, in detail, the temporal changes in the size distributions of the eroded sediments. The results show that sediment concentrations, soil erosion rates and soil loss ratios significantly decreased as rock fragment content increased for rock fragment contents from 0 to 40% in purple soils. During the transportation process, clay particles often formed aggregates and were then transported as larger particles. Silt particles were more likely to be transported as primary particles with a low degree of sediment aggregation. Sand-sized particles, which constituted a greater proportion of the original soil than the eroded sediments, were formed from other fine particles and transported as aggregates rather than as primary particles. Suspension-saltation, which mainly transports fine particles of 0.02–0.05 mm and coarse particles larger than 0.5 mm in size, was the most important transport mechanism on steep rocky slopes. The results of this study can help to explain the inherent laws of erosional processes on steep rocky slopes and can provide a foundation for improving physical models of soil erosion. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

路径优化算法在外卖配送中的应用     

蔡林  李英冰  邹子昕 《测绘通报》2019,(11):22-25

在物流行业特别是外卖配送行业中，配送员希望经过餐厅点与客户点的路线尽可能短，且各目的地之间的访问存在顺序限制等特点，本文提出一种具有顺序限制的路径优化算法。该算法首先基于最邻近算法产生初始路径，然后使用LK算法进行优化，最后依据问题特点，使用末端-2-opt方法进行二次优化。试验结果表明，算法能有效缩短初始路径长度，提供较为优良的可行路径，能够有效提升配送员的工作效率，具有一定的实用价值。  相似文献